Question

automobiles provide transportation and independence. they also cause air pollution and contribute to global warming sociologist robert k merton would consider these negative impacts the

a. anomie of automobiles
b. dysfunctions of automobiles
c. overt functions of automobiles
d. manifest functions of automobiles

brian has developed a hypothesis that the stress felt by single parents increases the probability of child abuse. in this case, child abuse will be considered the

a. independent variable
b. control variable
c. universal variable
d. dependent variable

Explanation:

For the first question:

• Anomie refers to a state of normlessness, not negative impacts.
• Overt functions are the obvious functions.
• Manifest functions are the intended functions.
• Dysfunctions are the negative, unintended consequences. Automobile - related air pollution and global - warming contributions are negative, unintended (as automobiles are mainly for transportation), so they are dysfunctions.

For the second question:

• An independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed. Here, the stress (which could be due to single - parent status) is the independent variable.
• A control variable is held constant.
• There is no such thing as a universal variable in this context.
• A dependent variable is the variable that is affected by the independent variable. Child abuse is affected by the stress (independent variable), so it is the dependent variable.

Answer:

For the first question: B. dysfunctions of automobiles
For the second question: D. dependent variable