Question

athens and sparta were both
○ countries.
○ city - states.
○ monarchies.
○ empires.

Explanation:

In ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta were independent self-governing political entities centered on a city, known as city-states (poleis). They were not separate countries, empires, nor were both monarchies (Athens was a democracy for much of its history, Sparta had dual kings but was not a typical monarchy).

Answer:

city-states.