Question

according to the observations made by washington matthews, the reciting of a song like \twelfth song of thunder\ often gave the navajo people

the guarantee of a rich and plentiful harvest in the spring.
the opportunity to discuss their spiritual beliefs with others.
the occasion to have a celebration during difficult times.
the chance to come together and enjoy each others company.

Explanation:

Analyze the historical context

Using the Navajo Oral Tradition and Natalie Curtis Observations knowledge points

In the study of Native American oral literature, Washington Matthews was a key ethnographer who documented Navajo ceremonies, prayers, and songs. The "Twelfth Song of Thunder" is a traditional Navajo song associated with agricultural abundance, rain, and the blessing of crops.

Evaluate the options

Using the Navajo Oral Tradition knowledge point

• Option 1: The song is performed to welcome the agricultural cycle, bringing rain and ensuring a bountiful harvest. This aligns with Matthews' observations that such songs guaranteed a rich and plentiful harvest.
• Option 2: Traditional Navajo songs were sacred and ceremonial, not casual opportunities to discuss beliefs with outsiders.
• Option 3: While ceremonies brought people together, the primary, direct purpose of reciting the "Twelfth Song of Thunder" was agricultural and ecological assurance.
• Option 4: The primary function of these ritual songs was spiritual and practical (securing rain/harvest) rather than purely social gathering.

Therefore, the correct choice is the first option.

Answer:

• the guarantee of a rich and plentiful harvest in the spring. (Correct answer)
• the opportunity to discuss their spiritual beliefs with others.
• the occasion to have a celebration during difficult times.
• the chance to come together and enjoy each other's company.