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world geography quiz 1 study guide 1. define each of the following 5 th…

Question

world geography quiz 1 study guide

  1. define each of the following 5 themes of geography

a. location
i. absolute - precise position on earth using latitude and longitude coordinates
ii. relative - position of a place in relation to other places
b. place - area characterized by both physical and human - made features
c. movement - transfer of people, goods, and ideas
d. region - area with unifying physical or cultural characteristics
e. human - environment interaction - humans affect and are affected by the environment

  1. be able to give examples for each of the 5 themes of geography.
  2. which way do line of latitude run? which hemispheres does the equator divide?
  3. which way do lines of longitude run? which hemispheres does the prime meridian divide?
  4. be able to find the coordinates using a map.
  5. what are the planets of our solar system?
  6. hottest planet? venus
  7. list & define the layers of the earth.
  8. list and define earth’s spheres. lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere
  9. explain the water cycle. evaporation → condensation → precipitation → runoff
  10. explain continental drift theory. the theory that earths continents move over geologic time, having once been connected as a single super - continent
  11. describe the different types of plate boundaries. pangaea

a. convergent collision
b. convergent subduction
c. transform
d. divergent

  1. define the following landforms & provide an example:

a. archipelago - a group or chain of islands together in a sea or ocean - japan archipelago
b. canyon - a deep narrow valley with steep sides, often with a river flowing through it. it forms by erosion over long periods of time. - grand canyon
c. glacier - massive, slow - moving bodies of dense ice that form where snow accumulation exceeds melting over time.
d. steppe - large, treeless, temperate grassland characterized by low rainfall, which supports mainly grasses and other herbaceous plants.
e. plateau

Explanation:

Brief Explanations
  1. Location:
  • Absolute: Precise position on Earth using latitude and longitude coordinates. For example, the Eiffel - Tower's absolute location is 48.8584° N, 2.2945° E.
  • Relative: Position of a place in relation to other places. For instance, New York City is south - east of Boston.
  1. Place: An area characterized by physical and human - made features. Paris is a place known for the Eiffel Tower (physical) and its fashion culture (human - made).
  2. Movement: Transfer of people, goods, and ideas. The migration of Syrian refugees to Europe is an example of people movement; the export of iPhones from China is goods movement; and the spread of Buddhism from India to other Asian countries is idea movement.
  3. Region: An area with unifying physical or cultural characteristics. The Middle East is a region with a shared Islamic cultural heritage in many areas and arid physical landscapes in parts.
  4. Human - Environment Interaction: Humans affect and are affected by the environment. Deforestation in the Amazon rainforest by humans affects the global climate, and in turn, climate change affects human agriculture and living conditions.
  5. Latitude: Lines of latitude run east - west. The equator (0° latitude) divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres.
  6. Longitude: Lines of longitude run north - south. The prime meridian (0° longitude) divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western hemispheres.
  7. Planets of the Solar System: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.
  8. Hottest Planet: Venus due to its thick atmosphere that traps heat.
  9. Layers of the Earth:
  • Crust: The thin, outermost layer of the Earth, where we live.
  • Mantle: The layer beneath the crust, made of semi - molten rock.
  • Outer Core: A liquid layer composed mainly of iron and nickel.
  • Inner Core: A solid, dense ball of iron and nickel.
  1. Earth's Spheres:
  • Lithosphere: The rigid outer part of the Earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
  • Hydrosphere: All the water on Earth's surface, including oceans, lakes, rivers.
  • Atmosphere: The layer of gases surrounding the Earth.
  • Biosphere: The global sum of all ecosystems, where life exists.
  1. Water Cycle: Evaporation (water turns to vapor from bodies of water), Condensation (vapor cools and forms clouds), Precipitation (water falls as rain, snow, etc.), Runoff (water flows over land into bodies of water).
  2. Continental Drift Theory: The theory that Earth's continents move over geologic time, having once been connected as a single super - continent (Pangaea).
  3. Plate Boundaries:
  • Convergent collision: When two continental plates collide, forming mountain ranges like the Himalayas.
  • Convergent subduction: When an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, the oceanic plate is forced beneath the continental plate, creating trenches and volcanic arcs.
  • Transform: Plates slide past each other, causing earthquakes, like the San Andreas Fault.
  • Divergent: Plates move apart, creating new crust, like the Mid - Atlantic Ridge.
  1. Landforms and Examples:
  • Archipelago: A group or chain of islands together in a sea or ocean, e.g., Japan.
  • Canyon: A deep, narrow valley with steep sides, often with a river flowing through it, e.g., Grand Canyon.
  • Glacier: Massive, slow - moving bodies of dense ice that form where snow accumulates over time, e.g., Greenland Ice Sheet.
  • Steppe: Large, treel…

Answer:

  1. a. i. Absolute location is a precise position on Earth using latitude and longitude coordinates.

ii. Relative location is the position of a place in relation to other places.
b. Place is an area characterized by physical and human - made features.
c. Movement is the transfer of people, goods, and ideas.
d. Region is an area with unifying physical or cultural characteristics.
e. Human - Environment Interaction is how humans affect and are affected by the environment.

  1. Lines of latitude run east - west. The equator divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres.
  2. Lines of longitude run north - south. The prime meridian divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western hemispheres.
  3. Planets of the solar system are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.
  4. Hottest planet is Venus.
  5. Layers of the Earth: Crust (outermost thin layer), Mantle (semi - molten layer beneath crust), Outer Core (liquid iron - nickel layer), Inner Core (solid iron - nickel ball).
  6. Earth's Spheres: Lithosphere (rigid outer part), Hydrosphere (all water), Atmosphere (gas layer), Biosphere (where life exists).
  7. Water Cycle: Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation → Runoff.
  8. Continental Drift Theory: Earth's continents move over geologic time, once connected as Pangaea.
  9. Plate Boundaries:

a. Convergent collision: Two continental plates collide, forming mountains.
b. Convergent subduction: Oceanic plate subducts beneath continental plate.
c. Transform: Plates slide past each other.
d. Divergent: Plates move apart.

  1. a. Archipelago: A group or chain of islands, e.g., Japan.

b. Canyon: A deep, narrow valley with a river, e.g., Grand Canyon.
c. Glacier: Massive, slow - moving ice body, e.g., Greenland Ice Sheet.
d. Steppe: Large, treeless, temperate grassland, e.g., Eurasian Steppe.
e. Plateau: A flat, elevated landform, e.g., Tibetan Plateau.