Question

why do premature newborns often develop respiratory distress syndrome?
multiple choice
they do not have sufficient levels of surfactant
they lack a respiratory membrane.
they are unable to contract their diaphragm in order to inspire.
their blood would have low oxygen concentrations.

Explanation:

Surfactant is a substance that reduces surface tension in the alveoli. Premature newborns often do not have sufficient levels of surfactant. Without enough surfactant, the alveoli collapse, making it difficult for the baby to breathe, which leads to respiratory distress syndrome. Newborns do have a respiratory membrane. They can contract their diaphragm (though muscle strength might be an issue in some very - preterm, but it's not the main cause of respiratory distress syndrome here). Low oxygen concentration in the blood is a consequence of respiratory distress syndrome, not the cause.

Answer:

They do not have sufficient levels of surfactant.