Question

why do children use phonological processes and how do you know if the phonological processes are typical or disordered? question 3 (2 points) what is the difference between a phonological disorder and an articulation disorder?

Explanation:

The question is about phonological and articulation disorders, which falls under the subfield of Linguistics (Arts discipline) as it deals with language - related disorders and phonological processes. For the first part (why children use phonological processes and how to know if typical or disordered): Children use phonological processes to simplify speech production as they learn language (e.g., final consonant deletion, cluster reduction). To determine typicality, we compare the child's phonological processes with developmental norms. Typical processes follow a developmental sequence and resolve by certain ages (e.g., final consonant deletion often resolves by 3 - 4 years). Disordered processes persist beyond expected ages, are inconsistent, or involve atypical patterns. For the second part (difference between phonological and articulation disorder): A phonological disorder involves difficulties with the phonological system (rules of sound organization, like using incorrect phonological processes, having phoneme substitutions based on patterns, e.g., fronting all velar sounds). An articulation disorder is about difficulties producing specific speech sounds (e.g., misarticulating /r/ or /s/ due to motor - based issues like incorrect tongue placement, without a consistent phonological pattern).

Answer:

• Why children use phonological processes and how to know if typical or disordered: Children use phonological processes to simplify speech production during language acquisition. To determine typicality, compare with developmental norms (typical processes follow a sequence and resolve by expected ages; disordered persist, are inconsistent, or atypical).
• Difference between phonological and articulation disorder: Phonological disorder: Difficulties with the phonological system (sound - organization rules, patterned errors). Articulation disorder: Difficulties producing specific speech sounds (motor - based, non - patterned errors on individual sounds).