Question

which type of transport requires energy (atp) to move molecules against their concentration gradient?
active transport
passive transport
what type of solution has a higher solute concentration compared to the inside of a cell, causing water to move out of the cell?
isotonic
hypertonic
hypotonic

Explanation:

• First question: Active transport uses energy (ATP) to move molecules against their concentration gradient. Passive transport does not require energy and moves molecules along the concentration gradient.
• Second question: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the inside of a cell. Due to osmosis (the movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration), water moves out of the cell. An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration as the cell (no net water movement), and a hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration (water moves into the cell).

Answer:

First question: active transport
Second question: hypertonic