Question

1. which term describes the two groups of plants that do not need water to reproduce?

spermatophytes
embryophytes
paleozoic plants
cotyledons

Explanation:

• Spermatophytes (seed - plants) include gymnosperms and angiosperms. In these plants, the male gamete (pollen) is carried to the female gamete (egg) through various means (wind, insects etc.) and does not require water for fertilization.
• Embryophytes: Bryophytes are also embryophytes but they need water for sperm to swim to the egg.
• Paleozoic plants: This is a broad group based on the geological time period when they existed. Many of them (like some early vascular plants) may have had water - dependent reproduction.
• Cotyledons: These are the seed leaves of a plant embryo and have nothing to do with the water - requirement for reproduction.

Answer:

spermatophytes