Question

which statement best describes an anticodon?

rrna sequence used to position trna in the ribosome
trna sequence that defines the amino acid to bring to the ribosome
trna sequence that is complementary to the codon for an amino acid
mrna sequence that forms a 3 letter genetic word

if the dna reads cgtataccgcgatg

gcatatggcgctac
gcauauggcguac

cancer may result from *

frameshift mutations
deletion mutations
silent mutations
all of the above

Explanation:

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<reasoning>

Define anticodon function

Using the Codon and Anticodon knowledge point
An anticodon is a specific three-nucleotide sequence on a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule. It is complementary to a corresponding codon on a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule during translation.

Transcribe DNA sequence

Using the DNA Base Pairing knowledge point
To find the complementary RNA sequence transcribed from the DNA template strand:

• DNA \(C

ightarrow\) RNA \(G\)

• DNA \(G

ightarrow\) RNA \(C\)

• DNA \(T

ightarrow\) RNA \(A\)

• DNA \(A

ightarrow\) RNA \(U\)

Applying this base pairing to the DNA sequence CGTATACCGCGATG:

• C \(

ightarrow\) G

• G \(

ightarrow\) C

• T \(

ightarrow\) A

• A \(

ightarrow\) U

• T \(

ightarrow\) A

• A \(

ightarrow\) U

• C \(

ightarrow\) G

• C \(

ightarrow\) G

• G \(

ightarrow\) C

• C \(

ightarrow\) G

• G \(

ightarrow\) C

• A \(

ightarrow\) U

• T \(

ightarrow\) A

• G \(

ightarrow\) C

The resulting RNA sequence is GCAUAUGGCGUAC.

Analyze cancer causes

Using the Cancer Biology knowledge point
Cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell division resulting from mutations in genes regulating the cell cycle. Frameshift mutations, deletion mutations, and even silent mutations (by affecting splicing or translation efficiency of tumor suppressors or oncogenes) can contribute to cancer development. Therefore, all of the listed mutations can potentially lead to cancer.
</reasoning>

<answer>

Question 1

<mcq-option>rRNA sequence used to position tRNA in the ribosome</mcq-option>
<mcq-option>tRNA sequence that defines the amino acid to bring to the ribosome</mcq-option>
<mcq-correct>tRNA sequence that is complementary to the codon for an amino acid</mcq-correct>
<mcq-option>mRNA sequence that forms a 3 letter genetic word</mcq-option>

Question 2

<mcq-option>GCATATGGCGCTAC</mcq-option>
<mcq-correct>GCAUAUGGCGUAC</mcq-correct>

Question 3

<mcq-option>frameshift mutations</mcq-option>
<mcq-option>deletion mutations</mcq-option>
<mcq-option>silent mutations</mcq-option>
<mcq-correct>all of the above</mcq-correct>
</answer>

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Answer:

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<reasoning>

Define anticodon function

Using the Codon and Anticodon knowledge point
An anticodon is a specific three-nucleotide sequence on a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule. It is complementary to a corresponding codon on a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule during translation.

Transcribe DNA sequence

Using the DNA Base Pairing knowledge point
To find the complementary RNA sequence transcribed from the DNA template strand:

• DNA \(C

ightarrow\) RNA \(G\)

• DNA \(G

ightarrow\) RNA \(C\)

• DNA \(T

ightarrow\) RNA \(A\)

• DNA \(A

ightarrow\) RNA \(U\)

Applying this base pairing to the DNA sequence CGTATACCGCGATG:

• C \(

ightarrow\) G

• G \(

ightarrow\) C

• T \(

ightarrow\) A

• A \(

ightarrow\) U

• T \(

ightarrow\) A

• A \(

ightarrow\) U

• C \(

ightarrow\) G

• C \(

ightarrow\) G

• G \(

ightarrow\) C

• C \(

ightarrow\) G

• G \(

ightarrow\) C

• A \(

ightarrow\) U

• T \(

ightarrow\) A

• G \(

ightarrow\) C

The resulting RNA sequence is GCAUAUGGCGUAC.

Analyze cancer causes

Using the Cancer Biology knowledge point
Cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell division resulting from mutations in genes regulating the cell cycle. Frameshift mutations, deletion mutations, and even silent mutations (by affecting splicing or translation efficiency of tumor suppressors or oncogenes) can contribute to cancer development. Therefore, all of the listed mutations can potentially lead to cancer.
</reasoning>

<answer>

Question 1

<mcq-option>rRNA sequence used to position tRNA in the ribosome</mcq-option>
<mcq-option>tRNA sequence that defines the amino acid to bring to the ribosome</mcq-option>
<mcq-correct>tRNA sequence that is complementary to the codon for an amino acid</mcq-correct>
<mcq-option>mRNA sequence that forms a 3 letter genetic word</mcq-option>

Question 2

<mcq-option>GCATATGGCGCTAC</mcq-option>
<mcq-correct>GCAUAUGGCGUAC</mcq-correct>

Question 3

<mcq-option>frameshift mutations</mcq-option>
<mcq-option>deletion mutations</mcq-option>
<mcq-option>silent mutations</mcq-option>
<mcq-correct>all of the above</mcq-correct>
</answer>

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