Question

1. in which situation may the use of a psychotropic medication be most appropriate?

the team attempted to implement one nonpharmacological intervention, but it was unsuccessful at alleviating an individuals symptoms.
an individuals signs or symptoms are persistent and clinically significant even after nonpharmacological interventions have been tried.
an individual has a history of anxiety but is currently not displaying any signs or symptoms that impact health, quality of life, or functional ability.
an individual is demonstrating expressions or indications of distress that could be related to other causes rather than a mental health disorder.

1. which adverse effects may occur with the use of antidepressants?

serotonin syndrome
tardive dyskinesia
leukopenia
neuroleptic malignant syndrome

1. bertha has been complaining about having difficulty sleeping at night. she has asked her physician to prescribe a hypnotic medication to help her sleep. what should you do as part of her evaluation?

document that bertha has specifically requested the use of the medication.
assess for environmental factors that may be preventing bertha from sleeping.
tell bertha that she cannot use hypnotic medications due to the risk of falls.
encourage her to take more frequent naps during the day.

1. which item is true about as needed, or prn, psychotropic medication orders?

prn psychotropic medication orders are not allowed.
prn psychotropic medication orders are limited to 14 days in most occasions.
prn psychotropic medication orders are limited to 30 days in most occasions.
there are limitations on the use of prn psychotropic medication use.

1. which is a disorder of involuntary muscle movements caused by long - term use of primarily typical antipsychotic drugs?

restless leg syndrome
tourette syndrome
tardive dyskinesia
parkinsons disease

Explanation:

1. Psychotropic medications are typically used when non - pharmacological interventions have been tried and the individual's symptoms are persistent and clinically significant. One non - pharmacological intervention being unsuccessful is not enough (more should be tried). If there are no current symptoms impacting health etc., medication is not needed. And if distress is due to non - mental health causes, medication is not appropriate.
2. Serotonin syndrome can occur with antidepressants (especially when combined with other drugs that affect serotonin). Tardive dyskinesia is more associated with antipsychotics. Leukopenia is a blood cell disorder not typically linked to antidepressants. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is related to antipsychotics.
3. Before prescribing a hypnotic, it is important to assess for environmental factors (like noise, light, caffeine intake etc.) that could be causing sleep problems. Just documenting the request is not sufficient. Saying she cannot use the medication without proper assessment is wrong. Encouraging more naps may not address the root cause.
4. PRN (as needed) psychotropic medication orders are allowed but there are limitations (e.g., frequency of administration, duration in some cases). They are not limited to 14 or 30 days in a general sense for all medications, but there are rules about their use.
5. Tardive dyskinesia is a disorder of involuntary muscle movements caused by long - term use of primarily typical antipsychotic drugs. Restless leg syndrome has other causes. Tourette syndrome is a neurological disorder with different etiologies. Parkinson's disease is related to dopamine in the brain (not typical antipsychotic long - term use in the same way as tardive dyskinesia).

Answer:

1. An individual’s signs or symptoms are persistent and clinically significant even after nonpharmacological interventions have been tried.
2. Serotonin syndrome
3. Assess for environmental factors that may be preventing Bertha from sleeping.
4. There are limitations on the use of PRN psychotropic medication use.
5. Tardive dyskinesia