Question

which scenario describes an example of the bottleneck effect?
a mistake during dna replication causes the offspring of a yellow flowering plant to have blue flowers. the blue
flower trait is passed on to successive generations.
overhunting of the american bison caused the population to decrease from millions to a few hundred by the late
1800s. conservation efforts brought the population back up, but there is little genetic diversity.
some individuals in a population of bears have very thick coats that help them conserve heat and energy during cold
winters. after several generations, the proportion of bears with thick coats increases.
some of the rare, red - winged finches from a small island fly to a nearby island to feed. they mate with the native,
brown - winged finches, which results in an increase in the red - wing allele frequency on the new island.

Explanation:

The bottleneck effect occurs when a population is drastically reduced in size, leading to loss of genetic diversity. The bison population reduction and subsequent low genetic diversity match this definition. The other options describe mutation (first), natural selection (third), and gene flow (fourth).

Answer:

Overhunting of the American bison caused the population to decrease from millions to a few hundred by the late 1800s. Conservation efforts brought the population back up, but there is little genetic diversity.