Question

which innovation in biotechnology has eliminated diabetic patients reliance on animal-derived insulin?
a. virtual diabetes-management systems
b. artificial pancreas-transplantation procedures
c. electronic insulin-conversion technology
d. bacteria genetically modified to produce human insulin

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Option A: Virtual diabetes - management systems are for managing diabetes, not producing insulin to replace animal - derived insulin.
• Option B: Artificial pancreas - transplantation procedures are about transplanting a pancreas - like device or organ, not related to producing insulin to replace animal - derived insulin.
• Option C: There is no such thing as electronic insulin - conversion technology for replacing animal - derived insulin.
• Option D: Bacteria that are genetically modified to produce human insulin (using recombinant DNA technology) allow for the production of human insulin, thus eliminating the need for animal - derived insulin.

Answer:

D. Bacteria genetically modified to produce human insulin