Question

which of the following statements best describes the basic structure of an atom? (sc.8.p8.7)
electrons are in motion around a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons.
neutrons are in motion around a nucleus that contains protons and electrons.
protons are in motion around a nucleus that contains electrons and neutrons.
electrons and protons are in motion around a nucleus that contains neutrons.

Explanation:

To determine the correct statement about the basic structure of an atom, we recall the atomic model: the nucleus (containing protons and neutrons) is at the center, and electrons orbit the nucleus.

• The first option states "Electrons are in motion around a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons" – this matches the atomic structure (nucleus: protons + neutrons; electrons orbit).
• The second option is incorrect because neutrons are in the nucleus, not orbiting.
• The third option is incorrect as protons are in the nucleus, not orbiting.
• The fourth option is incorrect because protons are in the nucleus, not orbiting with electrons.

Answer:

A. Electrons are in motion around a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons.