Question

which changes of state are characterized by having atoms that gain energy? check all that apply. melting sublimation freezing vaporization condensation deposition

Explanation:

To determine which changes of state involve atoms gaining energy, we analyze each process:

• Melting: Solid to liquid; atoms gain energy to overcome intermolecular forces.
• Sublimation: Solid to gas; atoms gain significant energy to skip the liquid phase.
• Freezing: Liquid to solid; atoms lose energy (exothermic).
• Vaporization: Liquid to gas; atoms gain energy to break free from liquid bonds.
• Condensation: Gas to liquid; atoms lose energy (exothermic).
• Deposition: Gas to solid; atoms lose energy (exothermic).

Thus, melting, sublimation, and vaporization involve atoms gaining energy.

Answer:

• melting
• sublimation
• vaporization