Question

1. which is the best definition for conduction?

the transfer of thermal energy through empty space.
the transfer of thermal energy through contact.
the kinetic energy in the particles of a substance.
gravity.

Explanation:

To determine the best definition for conduction, we analyze each option:

• "The transfer of thermal energy through empty space" describes radiation (e.g., heat from the sun).
• "The transfer of thermal energy through contact" matches conduction (heat transfer between objects in direct contact, like a spoon in hot soup).
• "The kinetic energy in the particles of a substance" refers to thermal energy (internal energy of particles), not conduction.
• "Gravity" is unrelated to heat transfer.

So the correct option is the one stating thermal energy transfer through contact.

Answer:

The option: "The transfer of thermal energy through contact" (the third option from the left, or the one with that text)