Question

a. where is the light reaction happening in eukaryotes?
b. electron donor of psii is and the acceptor for psi is
c. what steps produce h+ potential across the thylakoid membrane?
i.
ii.
iii.
d. what energy does atp synthases use to make atp?

Explanation:

• a. In eukaryotes, the light reaction occurs in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts.
• b. The electron donor for PSII (Photosystem II) is water (\(H_2O\)), and the acceptor for PSI (Photosystem I) is \(NADP^+\).
• c. The steps that produce \(H^+\) potential across the thylakoid membrane are:
• i. Water splitting in PSII releases \(H^+\) into the thylakoid lumen.
• ii. Electron transport chain (ETC) pumps \(H^+\) from the stroma into the thylakoid lumen.
• iii. \(NADP^+\) reduction in the stroma consumes \(H^+\) (decreasing stroma \(H^+\) concentration).
• d. ATP synthases use the proton - motive force (the \(H^+\) gradient across the thylakoid membrane) to make ATP.

Answer:

a. Thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts.
b. \(H_2O\); \(NADP^+\).
c. i. Water splitting in PSII releases \(H^+\) into the thylakoid lumen. ii. Electron transport chain pumps \(H^+\) from stroma to thylakoid lumen. iii. \(NADP^+\) reduction in stroma consumes \(H^+\).
d. Proton - motive force ( \(H^+\) gradient across the thylakoid membrane).