Question

when a person makes a decision to become a vegan or vegetarian, one thing they must be careful of is to make sure they are consuming enough complete proteins. according to the fda, \complete proteins contain all of the essential amino acids in adequate amounts. animal foods (such as dairy products, eggs, meats, poultry, and seafood,) and soy are complete protein sources.\ these contain all the amino acids we need in order to create new proteins for repair and replacement of structures in our cells. the fda also states that most plants proteins are \missing, or do not have enough of, one or more of the essential amino acids...\ vegan/vegetarians may be deficient in the amino acid lysine (figure 3),
eeded for the manufacture of collagen, which is required for building connective tissues such as tendons, cartilage and skin.\ 18. what type of biomolecule is collagen? 19. explain how you know (for question 13) 20. is lysine a monomer or a polymer?

Explanation:

Question 18

Collagen is a type of protein. Proteins are biomolecules made up of amino acid monomers linked by peptide bonds. Collagen is a structural protein important for connective tissues, and its structure and function align with the definition of proteins (composed of amino acids, has a specific 3D structure for its role in the body).

From the text, it says lysine is "needed for the manufacture of collagen". Collagen is a protein, and proteins are polymers made of amino acid monomers. Lysine is an amino acid (seen from its structure in Figure 3, with an amino group, carboxyl group, and R - group), and amino acids are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins like collagen. So we know collagen is a protein because it's made from amino acids like lysine, and proteins are polymers of amino acid monomers. Also, the text states collagen is for building connective tissues, which is a function of structural proteins.

Monomers are the individual building blocks that make up polymers. Lysine is an amino acid (as seen from its chemical structure in Figure 3, with an amino group, carboxyl group, and a specific R - group). Proteins (polymers) are made by linking amino acids (like lysine) together via peptide bonds. So lysine is a monomer because it is a single unit that can be used to build a larger polymer (protein, like collagen).

Answer:

Protein

Question 19 (Assuming Question 13 was about collagen's biomolecule type, but since it's not shown, we'll base on the given text for lysine and collagen relation)