Question

1. what is the transport of water across the cell membrane called?
2. transport that moves materials against the concentration gradient is said to be

Explanation:

For question 3, osmosis is the process of water moving across a semi - permeable membrane (like the cell membrane) from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
For question 4, active transport requires energy (usually in the form of ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient (from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration).

Answer:

1. Osmosis
2. Active transport