Question

1. what does it mean to paraphrase?

to reduce a long, complicated passage to a briefer, clearer one
to present only the main idea of the passage
to sum up the meaning of a passage in one sentence
to restate a passage so it means the same thing but in your words

Explanation:

Paraphrasing means restating a passage in one's own words while keeping the original meaning. The first option is about condensing (like summarizing in a more concise form, not exactly paraphrasing). The second option is about presenting the main idea (more of a summary aspect). The third option is summing up in one sentence (again, summary - related). The fourth option correctly captures the essence of paraphrasing as restating with the same meaning in one's own words.

Answer:

to restate a passage so it means the same thing but in your words