Question

what is the input (new substance let in) for the light independent reactions (or calvin cycle)?

water

oxygen

carbon dioxide

glucose

Explanation:

The Calvin Cycle (light - independent reactions) of photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) as an input. Water (\(H_2O\)) is an input for the light - dependent reactions (split to release electrons, protons, and \(O_2\)). Oxygen (\(O_2\)) is a product of the light - dependent reactions. Glucose (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)) is a product of the Calvin Cycle (after further processing of the initial carbohydrate products of the cycle).

Answer:

carbon dioxide