Question

what encouraged more legal action regarding discrimination in the education of women?

• the supreme court declared all-male public schools to be constitutional.
• the equal rights amendment to the constitution made it illegal to discriminate on the basis of gender.
• the supreme court ruled that gender discrimination could result in monetary damages.
• the supreme court began applying strict scrutiny to gender discrimination suits.

Explanation:

Analyze the impact of monetary damages on Title IX litigation

In Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools (1992), the Supreme Court ruled that monetary damages are available under Title IX for intentional gender discrimination in education.

Evaluate the incentive for legal action

The availability of monetary damages provided a strong financial incentive for plaintiffs and attorneys to file lawsuits, significantly increasing legal actions regarding gender discrimination in education.

Eliminate incorrect options

• All-male public schools were declared unconstitutional (e.g., United States v. Virginia), not constitutional.
• The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was never ratified.
• The Supreme Court applies intermediate scrutiny (not strict scrutiny) to gender discrimination.

Answer:

• The Supreme Court declared all-male public schools to be constitutional.
• The Supreme Court ruled that gender discrimination could result in monetary damages. (Correct answer)
• The Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution made it illegal to discriminate on the basis of gender.
• The Supreme Court began applying strict scrutiny to gender discrimination suits.