Question

1. what would a comparison of the first and second industrial revolutions show?

a. the first depended on new inventions but the second did not.
b. both the first and second relied almost entirely on steam power.
c. both used natural resources and relied on telecommunications to send messages over long distances.
d. both saw improvements in transportation but a truly national market only emerged in the second.

1. which invention was patented in 1885 by sarah goode, the first african - american woman ever to receive a u.s. patent?

a. a curved ironing board for shirt sleeves
b. a lubricator oil - cup for steam engines
c. a unique shampoo to fight hair loss
d. a fold - away bed

1. which identifies an accomplishment of thomas edison and his team of researchers at menlo park, new jersey?

a. the first telephone
b. the first steam engine
c. the first practical light bulb
d. the first internal combustion engine

1. how were americans influenced by the growth of railroads during the second industrial revolution?

a. railroads led to shortages of raw materials for factories and of workers on farms.
b. railroads stimulated the construction of steamships to trade up and down rivers.
c. railroads created time zones, the growth of cities, and the first truly national market.
d. railroads caused cotton, rice, and wheat production to move from the southeast to the west coast.

1. the diagram on the right compares two industrial revolutions.

which phrase completes the diagram?
a. mass production of goods
b. changes in a market economy
c. new methods of telecommunication
d. successful entrepreneurs gain great wealth

Explanation:

• Question 8:
• The First Industrial Revolution had improvements in transportation (e.g., steam - powered ships and early railroads), and the Second Industrial Revolution further developed transportation (e.g., more extensive railroads). The national market emerged more fully in the Second Industrial Revolution as better transportation and communication (in the Second) facilitated it.
• Option A is wrong because both depended on new inventions. Option B is incorrect as the Second Industrial Revolution had more electricity and internal - combustion - related power in addition to steam. Option C is wrong as the First Industrial Revolution did not rely on telecommunications (like the telegraph which was more prominent in the Second).
• Question 9:
• Sarah Goode patented a fold - away bed. This was a practical furniture invention.
• A curved ironing board for shirt sleeves was not her invention. A lubricator oil - cup for steam engines and a unique shampoo to fight hair loss are also not her known inventions.
• Question 10:
• Thomas Edison and his team at Menlo Park are known for the first practical light bulb.
• The first telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. The first steam engine has a long history of development by many (not Edison). The first internal combustion engine was not Edison's work.
• Question 11:
• Railroads during the Second Industrial Revolution led to the creation of time zones (for scheduling), the growth of cities (as transportation hubs), and the first truly national market (as goods could be transported more easily across the country).
• Option A is incorrect as railroads helped in the movement of raw materials. Option B is wrong as steamships were more prominent in the First Industrial Revolution. Option D is incorrect as cotton, rice, and wheat production did not move in that way due to railroads.
• Question 12:
• The Bessemer process was a key part of the Second Industrial Revolution. It was used for mass - producing steel. Mass production of goods (Option A) was more of a general feature (both had some mass production, but the Bessemer process is more specific). Changes in a market economy (Option B) is too broad. New methods of telecommunication (Option C) is not related to the Bessemer process. Successful entrepreneurs gaining great wealth (Option D) is also too general.

Answer:

• 8. D. Both saw improvements in transportation but a truly national market only emerged in the second.
• 9. D. a fold - away bed
• 10. C. the first practical light bulb
• 11. C. Railroads created time zones, the growth of cities, and the first truly national market.
• 12. A. Mass production of goods