Question

use the following chart to answer questions 8 and 9

1. a historian could best use the diagram to the left to study?

(1). the divine right theory of absolute monarchs in france
(2). the inequality that in economic power in france
(3). the distribution of government power in france.
(4). the effects of the french revolution upon the people of france

1. which of the following resulted from the situation depicted in the diagram?

(1) the assassination of archduke france ferdinand
(2) salt power
(3) berlin conference
(4) storming of the bastille

base your answer to the following questions 10 - 11 on the passage below.
... nor is there liberty if the power of judging is not separated from legislative power and from executive power. if it were joined to legislative power, the power over the life and liberty of the citizens would be arbitrary, for the judge would be the legislator. if it were joined to executive power, the judge could have the force of an oppressor...
—montesquieu, the spirit of the laws

1. in this passage, montesquieu references:

(1) enlightened despotism
(2) a policy of mercantilism
(3) a separation of powers
(4) a social contract

1. which principle is best supported by this excerpt?

(1) separation of powers
(2) divine right
(3) universal suffrage
(4) self determination

Explanation:

For question 8:

• The diagram shows the population, land - ownership, and government taxation among the three estates in pre - revolutionary France. It highlights the inequality in economic power (e.g., the Third Estate had a large population but less land and more taxation).

For question 9:

• The situation in the diagram (inequality among the three estates) led to the French Revolution. The Storming of the Bastille was an event that occurred during the French Revolution as a result of the discontent caused by the estate - based inequalities.

For question 10:

• Montesquieu's reference in the passage is about the separation of powers. He argues that if the power of judging (judicial), legislative, and executive are not separated, there will be arbitrary power over citizens.

For question 11:

• The excerpt clearly supports the principle of separation of powers as it emphasizes the need to separate the judicial, legislative, and executive powers to avoid arbitrary rule.

Answer:

1. (2)
2. (4)
3. (3)
4. (1)