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total points _/55 = _% name: wellseso g. period: 3rd date: mastery check #1: 1.1 macromolecules

1. explain the difference between a monomer and a polymer by drawing and labelling a diagram (3 pts) monomer: one small molecule polymer: a large molecule
2. how do we get chemical elements (like carbon and hydrogen) needed to survive into our body? (2 pts)
3. what macromolecule(s) contain nitrogen? (1pt)
4. what macromolecule(s) contain hydrogen? (1pt)
5. sort the following into the appropriate categories (you can just write the number) (23 pts):
6. amino acid (20 kinds)
7. builds & breaks down molecules
8. cellulose - structure in plants
9. dna
10. ends in -ose
11. enzymes
12. fats, oils, waxes
13. fatty acid
14. glucose
15. in muscles, hair, nails
16. insulation
17. long - term energy storage
18. monosaccharide
19. nucleotide
20. phospholipids - surrounds cells
21. polypeptide
22. provides short - term energy
23. rna
24. starch - energy for plants
25. stores information
26. sugar
27. transports molecules in/out of cells
28. waterproofing

carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids

Explanation:

Step1: Define monomers and polymers

Monomers are small molecules that can bond together to form polymers. Polymers are large molecules made up of repeating monomer units. For the diagram - you can draw a single circle to represent a monomer and a chain of connected circles to represent a polymer.

Step2: Answer how we get chemical elements

We get carbon, hydrogen and other essential chemical elements through the food we eat (organic compounds in food contain these elements), the air we breathe (for oxygen and some trace - elements), and the water we drink.

Step3: Identify macromolecules with nitrogen

Proteins (made of amino - acids which contain nitrogen) and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA, which have nitrogen - containing bases) contain nitrogen.

Step4: Identify macromolecules with hydrogen

All macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) contain hydrogen as they are organic compounds and hydrogen is a common element in organic molecules.

Step5: Categorize the items

Carbohydrates: 5 (ends in -ose), 9 (glucose), 13 (monosaccharide), 19 (starch - energy for plants), 21 (sugar)

Lipids: 7 (fats, oils, waxes), 8 (fatty acid), 11 (insulation), 12 (long - term energy storage), 15 (phospholipids - surrounds cells), 23 (waterproofing)

Proteins: 1 (amino acid), 2 (builds & breaks down molecules - enzymes are proteins), 6 (enzymes), 10 (in muscles, hair, nails), 16 (polypeptide)

Nucleic Acids: 4 (DNA), 18 (RNA), 20 (stores information)

Answer:

1. A monomer can be represented as a single small molecule (draw a small circle for example) and a polymer as a chain of connected monomers (draw a chain of circles). Monomer: One small molecule; Polymer: A large molecule made of repeating monomer units.
2. Through food, air, and water.
3. Proteins and nucleic acids.
4. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
5. Carbohydrates: 5, 9, 13, 19, 21; Lipids: 7, 8, 11, 12, 15, 23; Proteins: 1, 2, 6, 10, 16; Nucleic Acids: 4, 18, 20