Question

symbiosis
commensalism
what about other types of symbiotic relationships?

this interaction between the jacks and the shark is called commensalism. unlike mutualism, in commensalism, only one of the interacting species benefits, while the other is unaffected. in this case, the jacks rub themselves onto the shark to clean themselves. the shark is unaffected and allows the jacks to carry out this behavior.

based on what you know about organism adaptations, which adaptation may result from this example of commensalism?

sharks growing larger bodies to swim faster to avoid predators
sharks growing larger teeth to defend itself
jacks getting larger since the larger fish have a greater chance of getting their parasites removed by the shark
jack populations developing shinier scales to attract mates
jack populations developing stronger teeth

Explanation:

1. Analyze each option:

• Option 1: Sharks' body size for swimming faster is not related to commensalism with jacks (the interaction here doesn't affect shark's need to avoid predators via body size).
• Option 2: Shark's teeth for defense are not related to the commensalism with jacks (the interaction is about jacks cleaning, not shark defense).
• Option 3: Jacks get cleaned by sharks (removing parasites). Larger jacks have a better chance of getting parasites removed, so natural selection could favor larger jacks over time. This is related to the commensalism (jacks benefit from shark, shark is unaffected) and organism adaptation.
• Option 4: Shinier scales to attract mates is a reproductive adaptation, not related to the commensalism with sharks.
• Option 5: Stronger teeth in jacks - the commensalism is about cleaning, not feeding/teeth strength, so not related.

Answer:

C. Jacks getting larger since the larger fish have a greater chance of getting their parasites removed by the shark