Question

1. summarize: give at least one example of each of the following: a. a major disturbance that the ecosystem was able to recover completely from. b. a major disturbance that caused the ecosystem to stabilize at a new equilibrium. c. a major disturbance that caused the ecosystem to completely collapse. d. (challenge) a major disturbance that almost caused a total collapse, but that the ecosystem was able to recover from eventually.

Explanation:

A. A forest fire in a healthy forest can be an example. The forest has the natural ability to regenerate through seed - banks in the soil, and new growth can occur over time, eventually returning to its pre - fire state.
B. Introduction of a non - native species like the zebra mussel in the Great Lakes. It changed the food web and nutrient cycling, causing the ecosystem to reach a new equilibrium.
C. A volcanic eruption that completely covers an island with lava can cause the ecosystem to collapse as all life forms are destroyed and the habitat is completely altered.
D. A severe oil spill in a marine ecosystem. Initially, it causes massive death of marine organisms and disruption of food chains. However, with cleanup efforts and the natural resilience of the ocean, the ecosystem can gradually recover.

Answer:

A. Forest fire in a healthy forest
B. Introduction of zebra mussel in the Great Lakes
C. Volcanic eruption covering an island with lava
D. Severe oil spill in a marine ecosystem