Question

study guide a continued
circle the word or phrase that best completes the statement.

1. mendel used pea plants, because they reproduce quickly / slowly, and he could

control how they grow / mate.

1. mendel bred flowers resulting in f₁ generation with dominant / recessive

phenotype. he then allowed the f₁ generation offspring to self - pollinate. this
resulted in an f₂ generation with dominant phenotypes only / both dominant
and recessive phenotypes.

1. mendel concluded that traits are inherited as “discrete units.” today, we call

these discrete units gametes / genes.

1. mendel’s law of segregation has two conclusions:

i. organisms inherit one copy / two copies of each gene, one from each parent.
ii. genes segregate during gamete formation, so organisms donate one copy /
two copies of each gene in their gametes.
vocabulary check
circle the word or phrase that best completes the statement.

1. segregation means “separation.” in mendel’s law of segregation, it is the

gametes / genes that are segregated, or separated.

1. “purebred” means a line of organisms that has uniform genetics / phenotype.

Explanation:

Question 7

Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments because they have a short generation time (reproduce quickly) and he could control their mating (pollination) to study inheritance. So the correct phrases are "quickly" and "mate".

When Mendel crossed purebred parents with contrasting traits, the \( F_1 \) generation showed the dominant phenotype. When \( F_1 \) self - pollinated, the \( F_2 \) generation had both dominant and recessive phenotypes (the recessive trait reappeared). So the correct choices are "dominant" (for \( F_1 \)) and "both dominant and recessive phenotypes" (for \( F_2 \)).

Mendel's "discrete units" of inheritance are now known as genes. Gametes are the sex cells that carry these genes. So the correct term is "genes".

Answer:

quickly; mate

Question 8