Question

snake venom is modified saliva that is secreted from glands on the sides of the snakes head. some types of venom functions by changing the shape of the enzyme cholinesterase in the snakes prey. cholinesterase is an enzyme that functions as a neurotransmitter that allows the brain to control muscle movement. what is the result of the shape change in the enzyme cholinesterase? a the enzyme will no longer catalyze the reaction, which causes the prey to lose muscle control. b the substrate will change shape to match the enzyme so that the prey muscles continue working. c the enzyme will be capable of binding to more substrates that allow the prey to escape the snake. d a new product will be made that causes the preys muscles to not function as well as they should.

Explanation:

Enzymes have specific shapes that allow them to bind to substrates and catalyze reactions. If the shape of an enzyme (like cholinesterase) changes, it can no longer bind to its substrate properly. Cholinesterase is important for muscle movement (as a neurotransmitter - like substance). If it can't function (because of shape change), the prey will lose muscle control. Option B is wrong because it's the enzyme's shape that's changed (not the substrate changing to match). Option C is incorrect as a shape - changed enzyme is less likely to bind to correct substrates (not more). Option D is wrong because it's not about making a new product but the enzyme losing its function.

Answer:

A. The enzyme will no longer catalyze the reaction, which causes the prey to lose muscle control.