Question

select the appositive or appositive phrase. in the late 1980s, the soviet leader mikhail gorbachev instituted perestroika, which was a policy that included various economic and political reforms.

Explanation:

An appositive is a noun or noun - phrase that renames another noun right beside it. In the given sentence, "the Soviet leader" renames "Mikhail Gorbachev".

Answer:

the Soviet leader