Question

scientists continue to investigate the role of both the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system in phantom pain. scientists do not know exactly what causes phantom pain or whether the cause is the same for every person. different scientists have different hypotheses, or possible explanations, about the cause of phantom pain. scientists have tested these hypotheses and have found different results, or observations, from different studies. classify each piece of information in the table below as either a hypothesis or a result from a study. | | hypothesis | result | | --- | --- | --- | | the somatosensory cortex sometimes changes after an amputation. | | | | phantom pain is caused by changes to the somatosensory cortex. | | | | treatments that reverse the changes in the somatosensory cortex sometimes stop phantom pain. | | | | phantom pain is caused by atypical signals from severed nerves. | | | | anesthetics can relieve phantom pain in some patients. | | |

Explanation:

Step1: Define terms

Hypothesis = possible explanation; Result = observed study finding.

Step2: Classify each item

1. "Changes after amputation" → observed result.
2. "Caused by cortex changes" → explanation (hypothesis).
3. "Treatments stop pain" → observed result.
4. "Caused by severed nerve signals" → explanation (hypothesis).
5. "Anesthetics relieve pain" → observed result.

Answer:

Information	Hypothesis	Result
Phantom pain is caused by changes to the somatosensory cortex.	X
Treatments that reverse the changes in the somatosensory cortex sometimes stop phantom pain.		X
Phantom pain is caused by atypical signals from severed nerves.	X
Anesthetics can relieve phantom pain in some patients.		X