Question

a researcher would like to measure the relationship between gender (male/female) and vote registration status (yes/no). which of the following correlations would be appropriate?
pearson
spearman
point - biserial
phi - coefficient
when researchers report correlations in their academic publications, what of the following is it typically useful to include?
the sample size (n)
the calculated value of the correlation (the r value)
the probability level (p)
all of the above

Explanation:

• Question 8:
• Pearson correlation is for two continuous variables.
• Spearman is for ordinal or ranked data.
• Point - Biserial is for one continuous and one dichotomous variable.
• Phi - coefficient is for two dichotomous variables. Gender (male/female) and vote registration status (yes/no) are both dichotomous.
• Question 9:
• The sample size (\(n\)) is important as it affects the reliability of the correlation.
• The calculated value of the correlation (\(r\)) shows the strength and direction.
• The probability level (\(p\)) indicates statistical significance. So all are useful.

Answer:

• Question 8: Phi - coefficient
• Question 9: All of the above