Question

read the text.
our sun may seem like a uniform disk to the naked eye, but with special equipment, scientists can observe different phenomena on its surface. sunspots, for example, are dark areas on the sun. they form where the surface is cooler than the area around it and usually cluster around the suns equator. sunspots arent permanent, though, commonly lasting only a few days or weeks.
solar prominences and solar flares are other common solar phenomena. solar prominences are big arcs of plasma rising up from the sun and can last a few hours to a few months. solar flares, on the other hand, are bright flashes of light. the light from a solar flare reaches earth in just over eight minutes. they last just minutes or hours. solar phenomena can affect earth in many ways, such as disrupting electrical equipment, which is why scientists track these kinds of solar events.
which term matches the picture?
image of the sun with a dark spot
solar prominence sunspot solar flare

Explanation:

From the text, sunspots are dark areas on the sun's surface, cooler than the surrounding area. The image shows a dark spot on the sun, matching the description of a sunspot. Solar prominences are big arcs of plasma, and solar flares are bright flashes, which don't match the dark spot in the image.

Answer:

sunspot