Question

read the passage from animal farm.
in april, animal farm was proclaimed a republic, and it became necessary to elect a president. there was only one candidate, napoleon, who was elected unanimously. on the same day it was given out that fresh documents had been discovered which revealed further details about snowball’s complicity with jones. it now appeared that snowball had not, as the animals had previously imagined, merely attempted to lose the battle of the cowshed by means of a stratagem, but had been openly fighting on jones’s side. in fact, it was he who had actually been the leader of the human forces, and had charged into battle with the words \long live humanity!\ on his lips. the wounds on snowball’s back, which a few of the animals still remembered to have seen, had been inflicted by napoleon’s teeth.
how does this passage demonstrate the use of propaganda?
○ it uses bandwagon by claiming that snowball was fighting alongside jones.
○ it uses scapegoating by blaming snowball for actions he is not responsible for.
○ it uses hyperbole by exaggerating snowball’s actions during the battle of the cowshed.
○ it uses repetition by repeating tales of snowball’s actions during the battle of the cowshed.

Explanation:

To determine the correct answer, we analyze each option:

• Bandwagon (first option) involves persuading people to do something because others are doing it; the passage does not show this as it's about blaming Snowball, not getting others to follow a trend.
• Scapegoating (second option) is blaming someone for problems they didn't cause. The passage shows Napoleon blaming Snowball for actions he isn't responsible for (like being the leader of human forces, which is false) to shift blame and gain power, matching scapegoating.
• Hyperbole (third option) is exaggeration, but the passage is about false accusations, not exaggerating actions.
• Repetition (fourth option) is repeating a message, but the passage introduces new false claims about Snowball, not repeating old tales.

Answer:

B. It uses scapegoating by blaming Snowball for actions he is not responsible for.