Question

read the excerpt from chapter three of windows to the universe: revolutions in astronomy.

the construction and launch of hubble faced many setbacks. funding was a constant issue, with nasa and congress debating the budget. one key figure, dr. nancy grace roman, played a vital role in securing funding and keeping the project on track. dubbed the \mother of hubble,\ dr. roman was nasas first chief of astronomy and a strong advocate for space-based telescopes. without her dedication, hubble might never have left the ground.

which best describes the problem and solution outlined in this excerpt?

• because hubbles design was flawed, engineers fixed the telescope after its launch.
• because congress refused to support space exploration, nasa worked independently to fund hubble.
• because financing for hubble was uncertain, dr. nancy grace roman secured funding and advocated for the project.
• because the scientific community doubted hubbles potential, dr. nancy grace roman proved its value through research.

Explanation:

Identify the problem in the text

The text states that "The construction and launch of Hubble faced many setbacks. Funding was a constant issue, with NASA and Congress debating the budget." This establishes the core problem as a lack of secure funding.

Identify the solution in the text

The text states that "One key figure, Dr. Nancy Grace Roman, played a vital role in securing funding and keeping the project on track." This identifies Dr. Roman's advocacy and securing of funds as the solution to the budget problem.

Match with the correct option

The third option states: "Because financing for Hubble was uncertain, Dr. Nancy Grace Roman secured funding and advocated for the project." This perfectly aligns with the problem (uncertain financing) and the solution (Dr. Roman securing funding and advocating) described in the excerpt.

Answer:

• Because Hubble's design was flawed, engineers fixed the telescope after its launch.
• Because Congress refused to support space exploration, NASA worked independently to fund Hubble.
• Because financing for Hubble was uncertain, Dr. Nancy Grace Roman secured funding and advocated for the project. (Correct answer)
• Because the scientific community doubted Hubble's potential, Dr. Nancy Grace Roman proved its value through research.