Question

question 7
the ____ is an extension of the great toe, with or without fanning of the other toes, in response to stimulation of the outer margin of the sole of the foot.
corneal reflex
plantar reflex
ankle jerk reflex
babinski sign
question 8
which of the following is not correct?
the cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the lateral gray column of certain parts of the spinal cord.
sympathetic preganglionic axons pass along the dorsal root of certain spinal nerves.
there are synapses within the sympathetic ganglia.
sympathetic responses are usually widespread, involving many organs.
question 9
which cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?
oculomotor
trochlear
trigeminal
olfactory

Explanation:

• Question 7: The Babinski sign is characterized by the extension of the great toe (with or without fanning of the other toes) in response to stimulation of the outer margin of the sole of the foot. The corneal reflex involves blinking in response to corneal stimulation. The plantar reflex (in a normal adult) causes flexion of the toes. The ankle - jerk reflex is a stretch reflex of the calf muscles.
• Question 8: Sympathetic preganglionic axons pass along the ventral root of certain spinal nerves, not the dorsal root. The cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are in the lateral gray column of the spinal cord (in the thoracolumbar region). There are synapses in sympathetic ganglia (between pre - and post - ganglionic neurons). Sympathetic responses are usually widespread (e.g., during the “fight - or - flight” response, multiple organs like the heart, blood vessels, and lungs are affected).
• Question 9: The olfactory nerve is responsible for the sense of smell. The oculomotor nerve is involved in eye movement and pupil constriction. The trochlear nerve is also related to eye movement. The trigeminal nerve is involved in facial sensation and mastication.

Answer:

• Question 7: Babinski sign
• Question 8: Sympathetic preganglionic axons pass along the dorsal root of certain spinal nerves.
• Question 9: olfactory