Question

question 99
which of the following best describes a theory?
a a wild guess as to the nature of things.
b a conclusion without basis in hard facts.
c an explanation based on several sources of information.
d a prediction of the outcome of a single experiment.
e a highly - specialized conclusion to one experiment.

question 100
the term used to describe an experimental control used in medicinal trials in which the test drug is replaced by an
inactive substance is called a _.
a placebo
b variable
c fraud
d sugar pill

Explanation:

• Question 99:
• A theory is not a wild guess (A). It is based on evidence, not just a random assumption.
• It is not a conclusion without hard - fact basis (B). Theories are built on multiple lines of evidence.
• A theory is an explanation. It is developed by integrating information from various sources such as experiments, observations, and existing knowledge. So, it is an explanation based on several sources of information (C).
• A theory is not just a prediction of a single experiment (D). It has broader explanatory power.
• It is not a highly - specialized conclusion to one experiment (E). It can explain a wide range of related phenomena.
• Question 100:
• In medicinal trials, when the test drug is replaced by an inactive substance, this is called a placebo.
• A variable (B) is something that changes in an experiment, not an inactive substitute for a drug.
• Fraud (C) is an unethical act, not a scientific term for this experimental control.
• While a sugar pill can be a type of placebo, the more general and scientific term is placebo (A), not sugar pill (D).

Answer:

Question 99: C. An explanation based on several sources of information.
Question 100: A. placebo