Question

question 23
directions: match each description to the correct term.
column a

1. ___ process used by prokaryotes to reproduce asexually
2. ___ division of the nucleus in somatic cells
3. ___ division of the cytoplasm
4. ___ stem cells
5. ___ failure of chromosomes to separate properly
6. ___ pmat

column b
a. binary fission
b. undifferentiated cells
c. mitosis
d. cytoplasm
e. nondisjunction
f. phases of mitosis
question 24
viruses are often referred to as non - living infectious particles as they lack many characteristics of living organisms like cellular structure. they do not have the ability to carry out reproduction and metabolism without a host cell. true or false and why?
○ a false - viruses are able to reproduce and use energy without a host cell.
○ b false - viruses do have a clear cellular structure, including a cell membrane called an envelope.
○ c false - viruses, like bacteria, do not have a cellular structure and yet, bacteria are considered living organisms.
○ d true - if a living organism requires a cellular structure, even if they can reproduce - they are by definition non - living.

Explanation:

Question 23

• Prokaryotes reproduce asexually via binary fission.
• Mitosis is the division of the nucleus in somatic cells.
• Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm.
• Stem cells are undifferentiated cells.
• Nondisjunction is the failure of chromosomes to separate properly.
• PMAT (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase) are the phases of mitosis.

Viruses lack a cellular structure. They cannot carry out reproduction and metabolism independently. A living organism is generally defined as having a cellular structure (at least for most common definitions). Option a is wrong because viruses cannot reproduce without a host. Option b is wrong as viruses do not have a cellular structure. Option c is wrong because the fact that bacteria (which have a cellular structure) are living does not make viruses (without cellular structure) living. Option d is correct as it aligns with the definition that a cellular structure is a key characteristic for being a living organism (in the context of this question's logic).

Answer:

1. a. Binary Fission
2. c. Mitosis
3. d. Cytoplasm (Note: The actual term for division of cytoplasm is cytokinesis, but since it's not in the options, and if we assume a mis - labeling in the question, and if we consider the closest in the given options, but this is a bit of a stretch. However, if we follow the given options strictly, and assume that maybe the question intended 'cytokinesis' as 'cytoplasm' in a wrong way, we can match as per the given options)
4. b. Undifferentiated cells
5. e. Nondisjunction
6. f. Phases of mitosis

Question 24