Question

1. pure-bred plants are called the ___________ generation and the offspring of a cross between pure-bred parents is called the _____________ generation.
2. the ________________ trait is the trait that appears when it is present and the _____________ trait is the trait that doesnt appear if the dominant trait is present.
3. name two traits that are dominant in humans.
4. in a cross of a black and white guinea pigs, all the offspring produced were black.

what was the dominant trait? _____________
what was the recessive trait? _____________

Explanation:

Question 2

In genetics, pure - bred (homozygous) plants used in initial crosses are called the parental (P) generation. The offspring resulting from the cross between pure - bred parents is called the first filial (F₁) generation.

By definition in Mendelian genetics, a dominant trait is one that is expressed (appears) when the corresponding allele is present (even in heterozygous condition). A recessive trait is only expressed when the dominant allele is not present (i.e., in homozygous recessive condition) and is masked if the dominant trait is present.

Some dominant traits in humans include having a widow's peak (the hairline has a distinct V - shape) and having dark hair (compared to light hair in some cases, as the allele for dark hair is dominant over alleles for lighter hair in many genetic models). Another example is free earlobes (as opposed to attached earlobes, where free earlobes are dominant).

Answer:

First blank: Parental (or P); Second blank: First Filial (or F₁)

Question 3