Question

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what happens to air pressure in the lungs during exhalation?
the air pressure in the lungs increases due to the movement of the diaphragm.
the volume of the chest cavity decreases, which increases the air pressure in the lungs.
the air pressure in the lungs decreases as a result of increased oxygen intake.
the volume of the chest cavity stays the same, which maintains the air pressure in the lungs.
the volume of the chest cavity increases, which decreases the air pressure in the lungs.

Explanation:

During exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward. This causes the volume of the chest cavity to decrease. According to Boyle's Law ($P_1V_1 = P_2V_2$, where pressure and volume are inversely related when temperature is constant), a decrease in volume leads to an increase in pressure. So, the air pressure in the lungs increases relative to the outside air pressure, and air is forced out.

Answer:

The volume of the chest cavity decreases, which increases the air pressure in the lungs.