practice: magnetism
answer the following questions. you may need a separate sheet of paper
1. list a similarity between magnetic force and electrical force.
2. list a similarity between magnetic force and gravitational force.
3. draw a picture next to the magnet below to show what will happen if you try to break the magnet in half.
magnet with n pole shown
4. how is it possible for magnets to apply a force over a distance?
5. draw the lines in the magnetic field coming out of the magnet below.
magnet with n and s poles shown
6. in magnetic elements, each atom’s magnetic domains are ______________ which creates a ______________.
in nonmagnetic elements, each atom’s magnetic domains are ______________________
so the resulting element ________________________.
7. what must you have in order for ferromagnetism to occur?
8. what can moving electric charge produce? in what direction is it generated?
9. what is necessary to create an electromagnet?
10. in what two ways can you increase the strength of an electromagnet?
electricity and magnetism unit

Question

practice: magnetism
answer the following questions. you may need a separate sheet of paper
1. list a similarity between magnetic force and electrical force.
2. list a similarity between magnetic force and gravitational force.
3. draw a picture next to the magnet below to show what will happen if you try to break the magnet in half.
   magnet with n pole shown
4. how is it possible for magnets to apply a force over a distance?
5. draw the lines in the magnetic field coming out of the magnet below.
   magnet with n and s poles shown
6. in magnetic elements, each atom’s magnetic domains are ______________ which creates a ______________.
   in nonmagnetic elements, each atom’s magnetic domains are ______________________
   so the resulting element ________________________.
7. what must you have in order for ferromagnetism to occur?
8. what can moving electric charge produce? in what direction is it generated?
9. what is necessary to create an electromagnet?
10. in what two ways can you increase the strength of an electromagnet?
electricity and magnetism unit

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
Both magnetic and electrical forces are non - contact forces (act at a distance) and have attractive and repulsive interactions (magnetic between poles, electrical between charges).
# Answer:
A similarity is that both magnetic force and electrical force are non - contact forces (they can act on objects without direct physical contact) and exhibit both attractive and repulsive behavior (magnetic force between opposite/like poles, electrical force between opposite/like charges).

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
Magnetic force (between masses? No, gravitational is between masses) and gravitational force are both non - contact forces (act over a distance) and are field - based (gravitational field, magnetic field) and depend on properties of the objects (mass for gravity, magnetic properties for magnetism).
# Answer:
A similarity is that both magnetic force and gravitational force are non - contact forces (they can exert a force on an object without being in direct contact with it) and are associated with a field (gravitational field for gravitational force, magnetic field for magnetic force).

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
When a magnet is broken in half, each piece becomes a new magnet with its own north (N) and south (S) pole. So next to the original magnet (with N at the bottom), after breaking, each half will have a N and S pole. For example, if we break the vertical magnet (with N at bottom) into two horizontal or vertical pieces, each piece will have a N and S. If broken vertically (assuming original is vertical with N at bottom), the top piece will have S at the bottom (where it was broken) and N at the top, and the bottom piece will have S at the top (where it was broken) and N at the bottom.
# Answer:
When the magnet is broken in half, each resulting piece is a separate magnet. So if the original magnet has the north (N) pole at the bottom, after breaking (say, into two vertical pieces), the top piece will have a south (S) pole at its bottom (the broken edge) and a north (N) pole at its top. The bottom piece will have a north (N) pole at its bottom and a south (S) pole at its top (the broken edge). A simple drawing would show two smaller magnets, each with N and S poles, with the poles aligned such that the broken edges have opposite poles (S on top of bottom piece, N on bottom of top piece).

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
Magnets create a magnetic field around them. This magnetic field is the medium through which the magnetic force is transmitted. Other magnetic objects or magnetic materials placed in this field experience a force due to the interaction with the field.
# Answer:
Magnets can apply a force over a distance because they create a magnetic field. The magnetic field is a region of space around the magnet where magnetic forces can be detected. When another magnetic object (or a ferromagnetic material) is placed within this magnetic field, the field exerts a force on that object.

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
Magnetic field lines emerge from the north (N) pole of a magnet and enter the south (S) pole. So for the given magnet with N (let's assume the left end is N and right is S, or vice - versa? Wait, the magnet in question 5 has a label, let's assume the left is N and right is S. Then the field lines should start at N, curve around, and end at S.
# Answer:
To draw the magnetic field lines coming out of the magnet: If the magnet has the north (N) pole on the left and south (S) pole on the right, the magnetic field lines should start from the north (N) pole, curve outward and then back toward the south (S) pole. The lines are more concentrated near the poles and form closed loops (outside the magnet, from N to S; inside the magnet, from S to N). So draw lines starting at the N - labeled end, curving around the magnet, and entering the S - labeled end.

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
In magnetic elements (ferromagnetic), each atom's magnetic domains are aligned (in the same direction), which creates a net magnetic field. In non - magnetic elements, each atom's magnetic domains are randomly oriented, so the resulting element has no net magnetic field (is not magnetic).
# Answer:
In magnetic elements, each atom’s magnetic domains are $\boldsymbol{\text{aligned (aligned in the same direction)}}$ which creates a $\boldsymbol{\text{net magnetic field}}$. In nonmagnetic elements, each atom’s magnetic domains are $\boldsymbol{\text{randomly oriented}}$ so the resulting element $\boldsymbol{\text{has no net magnetic field (is not magnetic)}}$.

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
For ferromagnetism to occur, we need a material with magnetic domains (like iron, nickel, cobalt) and an external magnetic field (or the alignment of domains can be due to internal interactions in some cases, but typically, the presence of ferromagnetic material (with magnetic domains that can be aligned) and an external magnetic field to align the domains, or the material's own internal structure allows domain alignment) and the magnetic domains within the ferromagnetic material must be able to align. So we need a ferromagnetic material (containing atoms with magnetic moments) and the alignment of magnetic domains (either by an external magnetic field or due to the material's properties).
# Answer:
To have ferromagnetism, you must have a ferromagnetic material (such as iron, nickel, or cobalt) in which the magnetic domains (regions of aligned atomic magnetic moments) can be aligned. This can occur either due to the presence of an external magnetic field (which causes the domains to align with the field) or due to the internal structure of the ferromagnetic material that allows for the alignment of magnetic domains.

### Question 8
# Brief Explanations:
A moving electric charge produces a magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field is given by the right - hand rule (for a positive charge moving in a straight line, the magnetic field circles the charge in a direction determined by the right - hand grip rule: point your right thumb in the direction of the charge's velocity, and your fingers curl in the direction of the magnetic field).
# Answer:
A moving electric charge produces a magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field is determined by the right - hand rule. For a positive charge moving with velocity $\vec{v}$, if you point your right thumb in the direction of $\vec{v}$, the magnetic field $\vec{B}$ circles the charge in the direction your fingers curl.

### Question 9
# Brief Explanations:
To create an electromagnet, we need a current - carrying wire (conductor) wrapped around a ferromagnetic core (like an iron nail). The current in the wire produces a magnetic field, and the ferromagnetic core concentrates the magnetic field, creating a strong magnet. So the necessary components are a source of electric current (battery, power supply), a conductor (wire) to carry the current, and a ferromagnetic core (to enhance the magnetic field).
# Answer:
To create an electromagnet, you need a source of electric current (such as a battery), a conducting wire (usually coiled around a core), and a ferromagnetic core (like an iron nail). The electric current flowing through the coiled wire creates a magnetic field, and the ferromagnetic core intensifies this magnetic field.

### Question 10
# Brief Explanations:
To increase the strength of an electromagnet, we can increase the number of turns of the wire around the core (more turns mean more magnetic field lines are produced per unit length) and increase the current flowing through the wire (since the magnetic field strength is proportional to the current, $B\propto I$ for a solenoid - like electromagnet) or use a stronger ferromagnetic core (with higher magnetic permeability).
# Answer:
Two ways to increase the strength of an electromagnet are: 1. Increase the number of turns of the wire around the ferromagnetic core (more turns of wire mean a stronger magnetic field is produced for a given current). 2. Increase the electric current flowing through the wire (a larger current creates a stronger magnetic field around the wire and in the core).

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