Question

pioneering
pioneers, people who settled the western territory of the united states, had to make careful plans before beginning their journey. they had to pack enough food and water, clothing, and even supplies for their livestock.
pioneers often traveled in groups, known as caravans, so they could help each other if anything went wrong. at night these caravans circled the wagons in order to protect against animals and native americans. weather was also a big danger for pioneers because they could get dehydrated in the heat, or freeze in the cold
for the pioneers, what did it mean to circle the wagons?
to make sure the wagon wheels were perfectly round
to put the wagons in a circle for self - defense
to drive the wagons in a circle

Explanation:

The text explains that pioneers traveled in groups (caravans) and at night "circled the wagons" for protection against animals and Native Americans. This indicates that "circle the wagons" was a self - defense strategy.

Answer:

to put the wagons in a circle for self - defense