Question

part i: vocabulary matching
match each term to the correct definition.

1. ______ the process by which cells convert chemical energy stored in various compounds, such as sugars, into useful energy for cellular processes; may be aerobic or anaerobic
2. ______ the movement of water from the roots of a plant through the stem and leaves and into the atmosphere via evaporation
3. ______ the process by which autotrophic organisms capture light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, thereby storing some of the captured energy in chemical bonds
4. ______ an organism that obtains its energy from an abiotic source, such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals
5. ______ the process of sprouting and growing

a. autotroph
b. cellular respiration
c. photosynthesis
d. germination
e. transpiration

Explanation:

1. Cellular respiration is the process where cells convert energy in compounds (like sugars) into useful energy for cellular processes, and it can be aerobic or anaerobic.
2. Transpiration is the movement of water from plant roots through stem and leaves into the atmosphere via evaporation.
3. Photosynthesis is the process autotrophic organisms use to capture light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, storing energy in chemical bonds.
4. An autotroph is an organism that gets energy from an abiotic source (e.g., sunlight, inorganic chemicals).
5. Germination is the process of sprouting and growing.

Answer:

1. B. Cellular respiration
2. E. Transpiration
3. C. Photosynthesis
4. A. Autotroph
5. D. Germination