Question

part 1:

1. look at the rna strands provided note: each rna has an \original\ strand on top and a \mutated\ rna strand on
2. decide which of the strands show a substitution mutation, insertion mutation, deletion mutation and write your answers below.
3. give one piece of evidence that supports the type of mutation you chose

(chart content: rna1, mutated rna1; rna2, mutated rna2; rna3, mutated rna3; rna4, mutated rna4 with their respective nucleotide sequences in a table format)

Explanation:

• Substitution Mutation: For RNA2, in the original RNA2 strand, there is an 'A' at a certain position, and in the mutated RNA2 strand, it is replaced by 'U'. A substitution mutation is when one nucleotide is replaced by another.
• Insertion Mutation: For RNA4, the mutated RNA4 has an extra 'G' compared to the original RNA4. An insertion mutation is when an extra nucleotide is added.
• Deletion Mutation: For RNA1, the original RNA1 has more nucleotides (the 'U' after the first 'A' in the original RNA1 is missing in the mutated RNA1). A deletion mutation is when a nucleotide is removed.

Answer:

• RNA2: Substitution mutation. Evidence: An 'A' in original RNA2 is replaced by 'U' in mutated RNA2.
• RNA4: Insertion mutation. Evidence: Mutated RNA4 has an extra 'G' compared to original RNA4.
• RNA1: Deletion mutation. Evidence: Mutated RNA1 has one less nucleotide (missing a 'U') compared to original RNA1.