Question

open systems, in contrast, exchange energy, matter, and information with other systems. in reality, all systems on earth are open, interacting constantly with their surroundings. this exchange is a fundamental feature of natural systems, including organisms, ecosystems, and our planet as a whole. why are closed systems considered theoretical models? they are very common to see in nature and most ecosystems are examples. closed systems dont exchange anything with their surroundings and rarely occur. they are systems that are not fully understood by environmental scientists.

Explanation:

Closed systems are defined as systems that do not exchange energy, matter, or information with their surroundings. In reality, all systems on Earth (like ecosystems, organisms) are open and constantly interact with their environment. Since closed - system behavior (no exchange) is extremely rare in nature, they are considered theoretical models.

Answer:

Closed systems don't exchange anything with their surroundings and rarely occur.