Question

one major challenge in the introduction stage is
lack of competition
high marketing and production cost
production over production
market saturation

Explanation:

In the product life cycle's introduction stage, a new product is launched. High marketing costs (to create awareness) and production costs (due to low initial production volumes, learning curve, etc.) are typical challenges. "Lack of competition" is not a challenge (it's an opportunity), "Production over production" is incorrect terminology and not a key intro stage issue, and "Market saturation" happens in the maturity stage, not introduction.

Answer:

B. High marketing and production cost