Question

the odyssey
characters
odysseus (ə dɪs i əs)—king of ithaca
zeus (zoos)—king of the gods
athena (ə θi nə)—goddess of wisdom, skills, and warfare
laertes (lə ɜ r ti z)—odysseuss father
telemachus (to lem ə kəs)—odysseus and penelopes son
eumaeus (yuu mee əs)—old swineherd and friend of odysseus
antinous (an tin ə əs)—leader among the suitors
euryome (yoo ri ə mi)—housekeeper for penelope
penelope (pa nel ə pi)—odysseuss wife
odysseuss story has now come full circle. odysseus has told his story to the phaeacians, and they have
helped him return home to ithaca. much has changed in the twenty years he has been gone. many men
have
been coming to and staying in ithaca, hoping to marry odysseuss wife, penelope, and
become king
of ithaca. because they value hospitality, penelope and her son, telemachus, have tolerated the
unwelcome guests. they will not leave until penelope chooses a new husband, but penelope
refuses to
marry any of them, because she believes that odysseus is still alive. these suitors are also plotting
to kill
telemachus because he is of age to become the next king
when odysseus arrives in ithaca, he must act with great restraint. he knows that returning home to
his wife
and telemachus will result in his death. athena transforms odysseus into an old man. this disguise
will
keep him from being recognized, but will also allow him to enter his kingdom and make a plan.
athena
appears to odysseus to tell him to keep his kingdom

which excerpt from the odyssey demonstrates the importance of hospitality in greek society?
here is a poor man come,
a wanderer,
driven by want to beg his
bread, and everyone
in hall gave bits to cram
his bag—only
antinous threw a stool,
and banged his shoulder

“suppose athena arm a
lover us, and zeus
her fathers, must i rack
my brains for more?”

“the cruel belly, can you
hide its ache?
how many bitter days it
brings!”

odysseus only shook his
head, considering
toughts of bloody work,
as he walked on,
then sat and dropped his
knuckled bag again
upon the door - sill

Explanation:

To determine which excerpt demonstrates the importance of hospitality in Greek society, we analyze each option:

1. First excerpt (top - left): Describes a poor wanderer seeking bread, and Antinous (a suitor) mistreats him (throws a stool). This shows a lack of hospitality, but the question is about its importance. However, the contrast (how the suitor’s rudeness violates hospitality norms) highlights that hospitality was expected—even the suitors’ bad behavior implies the norm existed (they should have been hospitable, so their rudeness is a violation).

1. Second excerpt (top - right): Focuses on a character’s fear of Athena, not hospitality.

1. Third excerpt (bottom - left): Is about emotional pain, not hospitality.

1. Fourth excerpt (bottom - right): Describes Odysseus’ physical state, not hospitality.

The first excerpt (with the poor wanderer and Antinous’ mistreatment) best illustrates hospitality’s importance by showing how the suitor’s actions violate the expected norm of welcoming strangers.

Answer:

The excerpt: "Here is a poor man come / a wanderer / driven by want to beg his bread, and everyone / in hall gave bits, to cram his bag—only / Antinous threw a stool, / and banged his shoulder" (the top - left excerpt).