Question

1. a nurse is providing education to a group of adults about primary prevention. which of the following activities is an example of primary prevention?

a. participating in cardiac rehabilitation after a heart attack
b. performing monthly breast self - examinations
c. receiving an annual influenza vaccine
d. taking antihypertensive medication daily

1. a nurse is counseling a 45 - year - old client who smokes one pack per day and has a family history of colon cancer. which of the following preventative screenings should the nurse recommend?

a. colonoscopy starting at age 50
b. colonoscopy every 10 years starting now
c. no screening needed until symptoms occur
d. annual chest x - ray screening for lung cancer

1. a community health nurse is planning a wellness fair focused on secondary prevention. which of the following activities should the nurse include?

a. teaching stress management techniques
b. providing cholesterol screening and blood pressure checks
c. leading a weight loss and exercise program
d. offering immunizations for school - age children

Explanation:

1. Primary prevention aims to prevent a disease from occurring. Receiving an annual influenza vaccine (Option C) is a preventive measure to stop the flu before it starts. Cardiac rehabilitation (Option A) is tertiary prevention (rehabilitating after a disease). Breast self - exams (Option B) and taking antihypertensive meds (Option D) are secondary prevention (detecting or managing an existing condition).
2. For a 45 - year - old with a family history of colon cancer (a risk factor), colonoscopy should start earlier than the general population (which is 50). Colonoscopy every 10 years starting now (Option B) is appropriate. Starting at 50 (Option A) is for the general population. Waiting for symptoms (Option C) is incorrect as screening is for early detection. Annual chest X - ray (Option D) is for lung cancer, not related to the colon cancer risk.
3. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection. Cholesterol screening and blood pressure checks (Option B) help detect early signs of heart disease etc. Teaching stress management (Option A) and leading a weight loss program (Option C) are primary prevention. Offering immunizations (Option D) is primary prevention.

Answer:

1. C. Receiving an annual influenza vaccine
2. B. Colonoscopy every 10 years starting now
3. B. Providing cholesterol screening and blood pressure checks