Question

a nurse admitting a client who has systemic lupus erythematous (sle). the client reports fatigue, joint tenderness, swelling, and difficulty urinating. which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse anticipate? select all that apply. a positive ana titer b increased hemoglobin c 2+ urine protein d increased blood c3 and c4 e elevated bun

Explanation:

• Positive ANA titer: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are often positive in SLE as the immune system attacks the body's own cells.
• 2+ urine protein: SLE can affect the kidneys (lupus nephritis). Kidney damage can lead to proteinuria (excess protein in urine).
• Elevated BUN: Elevated blood - urea nitrogen (BUN) indicates impaired kidney function. Since SLE can cause kidney problems (as in lupus nephritis), an elevated BUN can be expected.
• Increased hemoglobin: In SLE, anemia is common (due to autoimmune hemolytic anemia, chronic disease - related anemia etc.), so increased hemoglobin is not an expected finding.
• Increased blood C3 and C4: In active SLE, complement components C3 and C4 are often decreased. Immune complex formation and activation of the complement system lead to consumption of C3 and C4.

Answer:

A. Positive ANA titer, C. 2+ urine protein, E. Elevated BUN