Question

the nichd study concluded that

multiple choice

the influence of families and parents was weakened by extensive child care.

childrens development was optimal when they spent at least 30 hours a week in child care.

caregiver training had little effect on cognitive and social competence.

children had the worst outcomes when both home and child care settings were poor quality.

Explanation:

Identify the core research question

The question asks about the conclusions of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development.

Evaluate the first option

The study found that family characteristics and parenting quality remain strong predictors of child outcomes, even with extensive child care. Thus, family influence was not weakened.

Evaluate the second option

The study did not find that spending at least 30 hours a week in child care was optimal for development; rather, high hours sometimes correlated with minor behavioral issues.

Evaluate the third option

The study emphasized that caregiver training and the quality of child care settings significantly affect cognitive and social competence.

Evaluate the fourth option

The study supported a dual-risk model, concluding that children experienced the most negative developmental outcomes when both home parenting quality and child care quality were poor.

Answer:

• (A) the influence of families and parents was weakened by extensive child care.
• (B) children's development was optimal when they spent at least 30 hours a week in child care.

<mcq-option>(C) caregiver training had little effect on cognitive and social competence.</mcq-correct>

• (D) children had the worst outcomes when both home and child care settings were poor quality. (Correct answer)