Question

newtons laws of motion practice worksheet
name:__ date:__
directions: circle examples of newtons 1st law, place a square around examples of newtons 2nd law and place a triangle around examples of newtons 3rd law.
a baseball lays motionless in the grass until someone picks it up.
every action has an equal and opposite reaction
two cars collide and they move backward.
the more force... the more acceleration.
its easier to carry a 5 kg bag of groceries than a 50 kg bag of groceries.
the box remains still until a force is applied.
you slide across the floor in your socks and eventually stop because of friction.

Explanation:

• Newton's 1st Law (Law of Inertia): An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
• "A baseball lays motionless in the grass until someone picks it up" - The ball is at rest (inertia) until a force (someone picking it up) acts on it.
• "You slide across the floor in your socks and eventually stop because of friction" - You are in motion, but the force of friction (unbalanced force) stops you.
• "The box remains still until a force is applied" - The box is at rest (inertia) until a force acts on it.
• Newton's 2nd Law (\(F = ma\)): The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
• "It's easier to carry a 5 kg bag of groceries than a 50 kg bag of groceries" - Using \(F = ma\) (assuming \(a\) is acceleration due to gravity, \(g\)), since \(F_1=m_1g\) and \(F_2 = m_2g\) (\(m_1=5kg\), \(m_2 = 50kg\)), a smaller mass (\(m_1\)) requires less force (\(F_1\)) to move (accelerate) it compared to a larger mass (\(m_2\)).
• "The more force...The more acceleration" - Directly relates to \(F = ma\) (\(a=\frac{F}{m}\), for a constant mass \(m\), as \(F\) increases, \(a\) increases).
• Newton's 3rd Law (Action - Reaction): For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• "Every action has an equal and opposite reaction" - Self - explanatory statement of the law.
• "Two cars collide and they move backward" - When car A collides (action) with car B, car B exerts an equal and opposite force (reaction) on car A, causing both to move backward.
• The skateboard example (with action and reaction arrows) - When you push (action) on the skateboard, the skateboard pushes back (reaction) on you.

Answer:

• Newton's 1st Law: "A baseball lays motionless in the grass until someone picks it up", "You slide across the floor in your socks and eventually stop because of friction", "The box remains still until a force is applied".
• Newton's 2nd Law: "It's easier to carry a 5 kg bag of groceries than a 50 kg bag of groceries", "The more force...The more acceleration".
• Newton's 3rd Law: "Every action has an equal and opposite reaction", "Two cars collide and they move backward", the skateboard example (with action and reaction arrows).